AUTOMATIC PHASE CHANGER

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In three-phase applications, if low voltage is available in any one or two phases, and you want your

equipment to work on normal voltage,this circuit will solve your problem. However, a proper-rating fuse needs to be used in the input lines (R, Y and B) of each phase. The circuit provides correct voltage in the same power supply lines through relays from the other phase where correct voltage is available.Using it you can operate all your equipment even when correct voltage is available on a single phase

The mains power supply phase R is stepped down by transformer X1 to deliver 12V, 300 mA, which is rectified by diode D1 and filtered by capacitor C1 to produce the operating voltage for the operational amplifier (IC1). The voltage at inverting pin 2 of operational amplifier IC1 is taken from the voltage divider circuit of resistor R1 and preset resistor VR1. VR1 is used to set the reference voltage according to the requirement. The reference voltage at non-inverting pin 3 is fixed to5.1V through zener diode ZD1.

As soon as phase-R voltage goes below 200V, the voltage at inverting pin 2 of IC1 goes below reference voltage of 5.1V, and its output goes low. As a result, transistor T1 conducts and relay RL1 energises and load L1 is disconnected from phase ‘R’ and connected to phase ‘Y’ through relay RL2.